Introduction Opioid use disorder (OUD) remains a serious and life-threatening disease. Medications for opioid use disorder (MOUD) are effective treatments for OUD but a minority of eligible patients receive them. Hospitalisation is an opportune time to increase MOUD use. However, the description of the most successful strategies to implement MOUD is underexplored. This scoping review will methodically review what strategies have been described in the literature to increase MOUD use in hospital settings in the USA. Methods and analysis Our scoping review will be completed using methods outlined…
Objectives To evaluate the pilot implementation of Parwarish (Parenting for Lifelong Health–Teens) programme on reducing violence against adolescents and improving parenting practices, mental health, gender attitudes, resilience and financial coping among families in disadvantaged communities in North India. Design Pilot implementation study using a pre-post study design. Setting Community-based implementation in three disadvantaged settings in North India, including urban informal settlements, rural agricultural areas and remote tribal communities. Participants A total of 239 adolescents…
Objective Although body mass index (BMI)-defined non-obesity metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) predicts poor prognosis, the role of visceral adiposity and weight-based phenotypes is unclear. This study aimed to examine the clinical correlates of four unique MASLD phenotypes based on BMI and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) and to assess the prognostic value of this classification with respect to mortality. Design Population-based cross-sectional study with prospective mortality follow-up. Setting Nationally representative US population derived from the National…
Objective 30-day survival after cardiac arrest is low, 12.4% and 36% for out-of-hospital and in-hospital cardiac arrest, respectively. Heart failure is a known risk condition for cardiac arrest. Improving our ability to identify patients at high risk of cardiac arrest would enable prevention. We aimed to develop a prediction model for cardiac arrest to be used in patients newly diagnosed with heart failure. Design A nationwide registry-based observational study. Setting Data were sourced from the Swedish Heart Failure Registry (1 January 2005 to 31 December 2021). Participants This cohort…
Background Weighted capitation formulas are used in many countries to allocate primary care funding. Most rely heavily on demographic and area-level factors to weight payments, with limited direct adjustment for morbidity. This may disadvantage practices serving populations with greater morbidity or earlier onset of disease. Objectives To assess how well the current National Health Service (NHS) weighting formula reflects morbidity-related workload and how incorporating morbidity would alter national funding allocations. Design Retrospective observational study using patient-level electronic…
Introduction The mechanisms generating immunity involved in nasal vaccination for children are likely to differ significantly from both adult immunity and animal models. A deeper understanding is necessary for the development of future paediatric mucosal vaccines. Live-attenuated influenza vaccines (LAIVs) are licensed mucosal vaccines which confer protection in children against severe influenza. Beyond individual protection, mucosal vaccines can also limit transmission and colonisation, offering broader public health benefits than parenteral vaccination. We describe a protocol for an…
Introduction Developments in blood biomarkers (BBMs) in dementia call for studies that evaluate their diagnostic, prognostic and societal implications in real-world populations. Such evidence is essential to support the safe and effective integration of BBMs into clinical practice. Methods and analysis The REAl world Dementia OUTcomes study (READ-OUT) is a UK-based, multi-site study that assesses the prognostic and diagnostic utility of BBMs in people attending memory assessment services (‘secondary care’). READ-OUT phase 1 is a 3-year observational study of 3165 people representative of the…
Introduction Nurse practitioner (NP) education must address increasingly complex demands of the healthcare setting, as underprepared students demonstrate poor clinical performance and difficulties in making autonomous decisions. Educational preparedness is an important element impacting transition to practice. Difficulties during role transition impact intent to leave the profession, inability to implement advanced practice skills, anxiety and poor job satisfaction, leading to poor patient care and adverse outcomes. This study aims to explore factors that influence novice NP role transition in…
Introduction Guideline-directed medical therapy (GDMT) has been demonstrated to reduce morbidity and mortality in patients with heart failure (HF). In addition to the need for GDMT, a large number of cardiovascular and non-cardiovascular medications are prescribed to patients with HF, especially the elderly, due to multiple comorbidities and chronic health conditions, such as chronic pain, musculoskeletal problems, insomnia or gastrointestinal issues. Polypharmacy may reduce adherence to GDMT and compromise its optimisation, potentially leading to worse clinical outcomes in patients with HF…
Background and objectives Clinical trials are essential for advancing scientific knowledge and improving patient outcomes. In the last decade, Bahrain has made notable progress in healthcare. However, clinical trial participation from the region remains modest. Thus, our study aimed to explore the perspectives of key opinion leaders on the challenges and potential solutions to conducting clinical trials in Bahrain. Design We conducted an exploratory qualitative study with key opinion leaders involved in clinical trials in Bahrain. Data were analysed using Braun and Clarke’s six-step thematic…
Introduction The efficacy of guideline-directed medical therapy (GDMT) for heart failure has been established in clinical trials, but trial populations differ substantially from real-world clinical practice. Consequently, the real-world status of GDMT implementation, the patient-level factors that determine whether guideline-recommended targets are achieved and the clinical circumstances that limit optimisation remain poorly characterised. We designed the Observational Multicenter Registry to Update Key Interventions and New Approaches with Artificial Intelligence for Heart Failure registry, a…
Objective This study aimed to describe the knowledge, attitudes and practices of emergency department (ED) doctors regarding regional analgesia (RA) for hip fractures and to compare these across levels of experience. Design A prospective, multicentre survey-based cross-sectional study. Setting Surveys were collected at the EDs of three university-affiliated hospitals in Johannesburg, South Africa. Participants 80 surveys were collected. Participants included all ED doctors. Doctors completing their internship years were excluded. Primary and secondary outcomes The primary objectives of this…
Objectives This external pilot study aimed to evaluate whether a definitive trial of the STAIR OF KNOWLEDGE intervention is warranted. The specific outcomes concerned the trial procedure, including the recruitment, randomisation and retention of nursing homes and the clinical outcomes required for a definitive trial. Design The study is an external pilot cluster randomised controlled trial. Setting Swedish nursing homes participated. Participants The inclusion criteria for participation in the study were nursing homes working with in the Swedish national quality registry Senior Alert. Data…
Objective To assess services provided by, and barriers to, hospital-based one-stop centre (OSC) services for women survivors of sexual violence in Ethiopia. Design A mixed-methods study integrating quantitative service data with that from qualitative interviews. Setting Hospital-based OSCs in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Participants Hospital records of 2283 female survivors, in-depth interviews with 20 survivors and 17 key informants. Results Quantitative analysis of hospital records showed the majority (61.9%) of survivors seeking OSC care did so within 72 hours of experiencing sexual violence…
Objectives This study aimed to explore the perceptions of Australian healthcare providers (HCPs) of the usefulness of smart inhalers for children with asthma and considerations for their effective integration into routine care. Design Qualitative descriptive study using semi-structured interviews. A hybrid thematic analysis approach was used to analyse the data. Setting Healthcare services in Australia including general practice, hospitals and Local Health Districts. Participants Eight general practitioners, six paediatric specialists and nine respiratory nurses were recruited using a unique…
For years the healthcare system has relied on the slow machinery of research — and that system is failing the people it was built for. It was designed for a world that operated with an abundance of caution and lacked the modern tools of today. That world no longer exists. The post Real-Time Trials Are Here — Now We Need Real-Time Trust appeared first on MedCity News .
In the Original Investigation titled “Extended Barrier Precautions vs Hand Hygiene Alone and Neonatal Sepsis in Intensive Care Patients: The BALTIC Cluster-Randomized Clinical Trial,” published May 15, 2026, the risk difference in the visual abstract should have been presented as −0.03%; 95% CI, −0.43% to 0.38%. This article has been corrected.
This cluster randomized trial assesses whether the receipt of targeted feedback based on artificial intelligence (AI)-enabled medical record abstraction can improve physician compliance with the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services Severe Sepsis and Septic Shock Management Bundle.
This qualitative study examines and characterizes the needs, expectations, and perceptions of Nigerian children and adolescents with upper limb differences regarding upper limb prostheses within their sociocultural and daily environments.
This cross-sectional study examines the financial, logistical, and psychosocial factors underlying use of health care between male and female patients with atrial fibrillation.
This cohort study evaluates the association between severity of chronic kidney disease and mortality, kidney replacement therapy, and length of stay after intensive care unit (ICU) admission among Canadian adults.
This cohort study examines which features of naturalistic speech are associated with concurrent variation in symptom severity in adult patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders in Dutch and US samples.