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Latest medical news · page 252

The latest headlines across every section, pulled from official and open-access sources.

PLOS Medicine · May 6, 2026

Point-of-care early infant HIV diagnosis at birth in a pragmatic cluster-randomized trial in Mozambique and Tanzania: A comparative cost and cost-effectiveness study

by Kira Elsbernd, Issa Sabi, Ilesh V. Jani, Chishamiso Mudenyanga, Siriel Boniface, Arlete Mahumane, Joaquim Lequechane, Falume Chale, Bindiya Meggi, Kassia Pereira, Raphael Edom, Anange F. Lwilla, W. Chris Buck, Nyanda Elias Ntinyinya, Michael Hoelscher, Till Baernighausen, Arne Kroidl, Stefan Kohler, the LIFE Study Consortium Background Timely access to early infant diagnosis (EID) is crucial for newborns with HIV, as late diagnosis can delay lifesaving antiretroviral treatment (ART). We assessed the comparative cost and cost-effectiveness of integrating point-of-care EID at birth into…

PLOS Medicine · May 6, 2026

Pathways of emergency care for severely ill children in Nigerian and Ugandan hospitals: A process mapping study

by Rami Subhi, Abiodun Sogbesan, Dan Muramuzi, Mikael Burhin, Ayobami A. Bakare, Adegoke G. Falade, Freddy E. Kitutu, Freddie Ssengooba, Carina King, Sumit Kane, Belinda Dawson-McClaren, Hamish R. Graham, the MOXY-Implementation Research Collaboration Background Child mortality remains high in countries with weak emergency care systems. Facility organisation for paediatric emergency care is heterogeneous and under-described. We examined how hospitals in Uganda and Nigeria are organised to deliver emergency care for neonates and children. Methods and findings We conducted a qualitative…

PLOS Medicine · May 6, 2026

Conditional cash transfer and mortality among interpersonal violence victims: A cohort study

by Camila Bonfim, Flávia Alves, Maurício L. Barreto, Vikram Patel, Daiane Borges Machado Background Interpersonal violence is a significant public health issue, increasing mortality risks for those affected. While Cash Transfer Programs offer health benefits, their role in addressing the needs of interpersonal violence victims remains unclear. This study aims to examine the association between Brazil’s Bolsa Família Program (BFP) participation and reduced mortality rates among interpersonal violence victims. Methods and findings This cohort study was conducted using data from 100 Million…

PLOS Medicine · May 5, 2026

Multimorbidity, health service use, and health insurance by socioeconomic groups in 31 countries: A multi-cohort study

by Yanshang Wang, Chang Cai, Zhenyu Shi, Qian Gao, Alex Bottle, Mansour Taghavi Azar Sharabiani, Joshua Stott, Benedict Hayhoe, Ping He Background The prevalence of physical, psychological, and cognitive multimorbidity is characterised by marked socioeconomic status (SES) inequalities. However, the relationships between multimorbidity patterns—particularly those involving cognitive conditions—and healthcare utilisation, as well as the role of health insurance, remain poorly understood. This study aims to explore healthcare-seeking behaviour among individuals with multimorbidity and assess…

Annals On Call (ACP) · May 4, 2026

Clinical Mastery in Primary Care

Dr. Centor discusses advancing clinical mastery as a strategy to revitalize primary care practice with Dr. Richard Kravitz.

JAMA Clinical Reviews · May 4, 2026

Hepatitis B: Global Insights on Transmission and Treatment

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection affects around 254 million people worldwide and causes more than 1 million deaths annually. Author Anna Lok, MD, from the University of Michigan discusses HBV transmission, screening, and treatment with JAMA Associate Editor Beverly Forsyth, MD. Related Content: Hepatitis B Hepatitis B Virus Treatment Gaps in the US Tenofovir and Hepatitis B Virus Transmission During Pregnancy US Newborn Hepatitis B Virus Vaccination Rates

NCI Cancer Currents · May 4, 2026

Your NCI: Top Priorities from AACR 2026

NCI Director Dr. Anthony Letai shares his reflections on this year’s AACR Annual Meeting, including science that stood out and NCI’s leading priorities.

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