Introduction Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) remain the leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Public health responses to CVD require complex, multisectoral strategies that combine population-wide preventive interventions with individualised approaches. Artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) have emerged as transformative tools in this field, enabling more accurate diagnosis, prognosis and treatment personalisation. However, most AI applications remain confined to clinical domains, with limited translation into public health policy modelling. Objective This review…
Introduction Acute febrile illness is a major cause of morbidity and healthcare seeking in sub-Saharan Africa, including Mozambique. However, few studies have explored the perceptions and practices related to clinical management of acute febrile illness. Our aim was to understand the perceptions, knowledge and practices of healthcare professionals and community members regarding the management of acute febrile illness. Methods A qualitative study was conducted using a thematic analysis approach. Eight focus group discussions (FGDs) and three in-depth interviews (IDIs) were conducted in two…
Objectives This study aimed to explore the dual perspectives and challenges of clinical nursing educators and novice nurses regarding the implementation of nursing-specific mini-clinical evaluation exercise (mini-CEX) and direct observation of procedural skills (DOPS) in novice nurses’ training within a single tertiary hospital in China. Design A descriptive qualitative research design was used. Participants were selected using a purposive sampling method, and semistructured interviews were conducted to collect data, which were then analysed following the six-step thematic analysis process…
Objectives To examine whether exposure to anti-herpetic drugs (AHDs: acyclovir, valacyclovir, famciclovir) is associated with reduced risk of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) treatment initiation. Design Population-based retrospective matched cohort study. Setting University Groningen community pharmacy database IADB.nl, covering approximately 125 Dutch pharmacies (1994–2024). Participants 262 757 adults aged 50–80 years without prior dementia or AD treatment. Exposed individuals with antiherpetic prescriptions (n=23 887) were matched 1:10 to unexposed controls (n=238 870) by age, sex and calendar…
Objectives To develop predictive models for early and overall tuberculosis (TB) deaths for prospective use at TB diagnosis in resource-constrained TB programme settings. Design Statewide cohort study using routinely captured secondary data. Setting With the majority of TB deaths being early (within 2 months), India’s TB programme’s information management system ( Ni-kshay )-dependent death prediction models (using age, gender, TB site, previous treatment, microbiological confirmation, HIV, diabetes and bank account availability) are not feasible for prospective use, as few variables are…
Objectives To evaluate the feasibility, safety and acceptability of arm crank ergometry cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPETarm) in patients with chronic limb threatening ischaemia (CLTI). Design Prospective feasibility single-arm cohort study. Setting A tertiary vascular surgery referral centre in Greater Manchester, UK. Participants Adult inpatients admitted with CLTI and scheduled for non-elective vascular intervention. Interventions Participants underwent bedside CPETarm using an incremental ramp protocol. Cardiopulmonary parameters measured included peak oxygen uptake, anaerobic…
Introduction After resuscitation from out of hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA), mechanical ventilation (MV) and respiratory management are fundamental to support patients in the intensive care unit (ICU) and to minimise secondary brain injury. Best practices for MV and association with clinical outcomes in patients with OHCA remain unclear. Methods and analysis This protocol describes a pre-planned respiratory-focused series of sub-analyses within the Sedation, Temperature and Pressure after Cardiac Arrest and Resuscitation (STEPCARE) trial, an ongoing interventional study evaluating 6-month…
Background: Female patients face disparities in access to specialized health care, but whether similar disparities exist in access to trauma centres after traumatic brain injury (TBI) is unclear. We sought to examine the association between sex and admission to a lead trauma centre (a hospital designated as a level I or II trauma centre) among adults with TBI. Methods: We conducted a population-based cohort study using provincial health administrative databases from Ontario, Canada. We included adults (aged ≥ 18 yr) admitted to hospital with TBI between April 2009 and March 2020. Our main…
In the Original Investigation titled “High-Frequency Oscillation vs Mechanical Ventilation for Neonatal Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome: A Randomized Clinical Trial,” published March 9, 2026, there were errors in the Abstract, Results, Table 1, Table 2, Table 3, Discussion, and Visual Abstract. In Table 1, units of measure for “Apgar score at 5 min” and “OI at NARDS diagnosis” should have been labeled as being reported in median (IQR); “Baseline blood albumin,” “Baseline blood white blood cell count,” and “MAP at NARDS diagnosis” should have been labeled as reported in mean (SD). In Table…
This cohort study assesses the association between use of palliative radiotherapy and inpatient radiation oncology consultation among patients with limited life expectancy.
This randomized clinical trial evaluates whether the addition of radiotherapy to adjuvant S-1 plus oxaliplatin chemotherapy increases disease-free survival among patients undergoing D2 gastrectomy for T4 or node-positive gastric cancer.
This cohort study evaluates the association between changes in patient-reported health status and long-term adverse clinical outcomes in patients with atrial fibrillation in Japan.
This randomized clinical trial examines whether community-based monitoring of neovascular age-related macular degeneration is noninferior to hospital monitoring for identifying disease activity requiring treatment.
This economic evaluation uses a simulated cohort of US adolescents to examine the cost-effectiveness of sleeve gastrectomy or Roux-en-Y gastric bypass for treatment of severe obesity in adolescents over 10 years.
FDA concerns about Amgen’s Tavneos were sparked by securities fraud litigation against ChemoCentryx, the company that originally developed the rare disease drug. The FDA wants to withdraw Tavneos’s approval, citing safety risks and alleged manipulation of the drug’s clinical trial data. The post Amgen Defends Rare Disease Drug in FDA Crosshairs appeared first on MedCity News .
by Eric Jauniaux, Helena C. Bartels, Yalda Afshar Placenta accreta spectrum (PAS) is a serious pregnancy complication caused by abnormal placental attachment to the uterus. In this Perspective, Eric Jauniaux and colleagues discuss emerging evidence that challenges our long-held pathophysiological understanding of PAS, and argue that a critical reassessment of definition, diagnosis, and management is overdue. In this Perspective, Jonathan Evans and colleagues discuss why restricting access to joint replacement surgery based on BMI alone is not supported by evidence, and highlight how such rest…
by Gabriella C. Silva, Aurore Fayosse, Louis Jacob, Séverine Sabia, Archana Singh-Manoux, Benjamin Landré Background Multimorbidity, the presence of several chronic conditions, is linked to higher mortality and healthcare use and thus poses a major challenge for aging populations. While most studies rely on simple counts of conditions, clustering approaches have been proposed to describe patterns of co-occurring diseases. We aimed to evaluate the extent to which these methodological choices influence prevalence and association with health profiles and mortality. Methods and findings Using UK…