New research and findings from open-access journals and the U.S. research agencies.
This cohort study examines national trends in Medicare Part B discarded drug utilization and spending between 2017 and 2023, including changes before and after implementation of the Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act.
This diagnostic study describes the development and validation of a computerized adaptive test to assess autism spectrum disorder among children and adolescents.
This systematic review and meta-analysis uses actigraphy sleep measures to quantify interindividual sleep variability among individuals across the psychosis spectrum compared with healthy control participants.
This cohort study using Danish national health data assesses whether risk of mortality after an Escherichia coli or Klebsiella pneumoniae bloodstream infection differs by piperacillin-tazobactam resistance or susceptibility.
This case-control study assesses the association of hormonal contraceptive use with initiation of semaglutide therapy among females aged 12 to 49 years in Denmark.
This cohort study examines the association between exposure to regulated drinking water contaminants and the risk of uterine cancer among female educators in California.
This cohort study examines postoperative recovery using life-space mobility among older adults living with frailty.
This cohort study investigates incidence trends of autism spectrum disorder from 2016 to 2024 to quantify the temporal patterns before and after diagnostic substitution and the COVID-19 pandemic.
Prediction market Kalshi launched betting markets tied to clinical trial results and FDA approvals. Healthcare leaders warn the model could invite insider trading and distort the integrity of the research outcomes it’s meant to forecast. The post You Can Now Bet on Clinical Trials Like Playoff Games, But Health Execs Say It Crosses a Line appeared first on MedCity News .
Objective To evaluate the association between use of newer glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs; semaglutide, tirzepatide) and alcohol-related hospitalisations among adults with alcohol use disorder (AUD) and type 2 diabetes (T2D) or obesity. Retrospective cohort study using target trial emulation. Setting Electronic health record data from a collective of US healthcare systems. Participants Adults with AUD and T2D or obesity who started a newer GLP-1 RA (semaglutide or tirzepatide) or a relevant active comparator between 1 January 2018 and 31 December 2024. Interventions…
Agios Pharmaceuticals said tebapivat fell short of expectations in a Phase 2 test in sickle cell disease. It’s the latest in a series of disappointing industry developments in sickle cell disease. The post Agios Pharma Drops Sickle Cell Disease Drug After Phase 2 Data Disappoint appeared first on MedCity News .
Crystalys Therapeutics has raised $130 million in series B financing to advance the development of its gout drug dotinurad and prepare for a potential commercial launch.
by Chuang Liang, Godfrey Pearlson, Juan Bustillo, Peter Kochunov, Jiayu Chen, Xiangrong Zhang, Rongtao Jiang, Kent E. Hutchison, Jing Sui, Zening Fu, Xiao Yang, Yuhui Du, Daoqiang Zhang, Shile Qi, Vince D. Calhoun Background The difference between neuroimaging-predicted brain age and chronological age, the predicted age difference (PAD), has been studied as a potential biomarker reflecting individual brain health. Although previous large-scale studies have shown that brain age deviations occur across multiple disorders, cross-disorder comparisons of PAD within a unified framework, together…
by Casey Crump, Jingkai Wei, Jan Sundquist, Kristina Sundquist Background Women with adverse pregnancy outcomes have higher subsequent cardiovascular risks, but their long-term risks of peripheral artery disease (PAD) and potential causality are unclear. A better understanding of such risks is needed to improve early risk stratification, clinical care, and long-term cardiovascular health. We sought to determine long-term risks of PAD associated with 5 major adverse pregnancy outcomes in a large population-based cohort, and to assess for familial confounding using co-sibling analyses. Methods…
by Lise Jamieson, Leigh F. Johnson, Jeffrey W. Imai-Eaton, Hasina Subedar, Linda-Gail Bekker, Gesine Meyer-Rath Background South Africa accounts for 20% of global HIV infections. Six-monthly injectable lenacapavir (LEN) for HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) has superior efficacy to oral tenofovir disoproxil fumarate/emtricitabine (TDF/FTC), and similar efficacy to 2-monthly injectable cabotegravir (CAB). With LEN’s regulatory approval, South Africa faces critical implementation decisions amid constrained domestic resources and reduced international funding. We evaluated the epidemiological…
Background The association between maternal iron status and the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) remains elusive. Clearer evidence is needed to inform appropriate ferritin thresholds and iron supplementation guidelines during pregnancy. Objectives To investigate whether first-trimester serum ferritin (SF) concentration is associated with subsequent GDM risk. Design Retrospective cohort study. Setting A tertiary obstetrics and gynaecology hospital in Shanghai, China. Participants A total of 6429 low-risk pregnant women at fewer than 14 weeks of gestation were finally included…
Introduction Social isolation may have adverse effects on incidence and severity of cognitive impairment including subjective cognitive decline (SCD). An increase of environmental variety and social interactions may furthermore reduce progression from SCD to dementia. Research evaluating respective interventions is limited, particularly as regards studies comparing different degrees of social engagement interventions. We thus developed a clinical trial protocol to determine the efficacy of social interventions with different intensities in protecting cognitive function and white matter…
Objectives The focus of the present study is to highlight and understand the effect of hysterectomy on physical, psychological, social and marital status among women aged under 40 years of age, in the cultural context of Pakistan Design The study used a qualitative phenomenological approach to explore the lived experiences of the women. Settings The present study was conducted at Sheikh Zayed Hospital, a tertiary care public sector hospital located in Lahore, Pakistan. Participants The participants of the study were women under 40 years of age who have undergone hysterectomy in the last 2…
Objectives To identify the latent profiles of health behaviour abilities among patients with haematological malignancies and to explore the underlying population heterogeneity and influencing factors. Design A cross-sectional study conducted between October and December 2024. Setting Data were collected from three provincial hospitals in China. Participants A total of 486 hospitalised patients were recruited. Outcome measures Data were collected using a demographic questionnaire, the Sense of Coherence Scale-13, the Perceived Social Support Scale and the Self-rated Abilities for Health…
Introduction The study aims to demonstrate non-inferior clinical success (safety and efficacy) of the MOTUS Total Joint Replacement device relative to posterior or transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion with respect to a composite endpoint. The primary hypothesis for this study is that the probability of achieving 24-month composite clinical success (CCS) for subjects receiving the investigational device is not clinically inferior to the probability of achieving 24-month CCS for subjects receiving lumbar interbody fusion collected in a separate real-world evidence (RWE) study. Methods and…
Objective Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is an important viral pathogen in children, older adults and adults with certain high-risk conditions. In our prospective community-based cohort study of adults 50 years and older before the COVID-19 pandemic, the incidence of RSV acute respiratory infection (ARI) was 48.6 cases/1000 person-years (PY), which decreased to near zero during the COVID-19 pandemic. Our objective was to determine the incidence of RSV-ARI during the 2 years following the initial phase of the pandemic (2021–2022 and 2022–2023). Design This is a community-based prospective…
Objective This study was conducted to identify the individual and community level determinants of women’s autonomy of healthcare decision-making in extremely high and very high maternal mortality sub-Saharan African countries. Design The study utilised secondary data from the recent Demographic and Health Surveys conducted between 2014 and 2024. A multilevel mixed-effect logistic regression model was fitted. Adjusted OR (AOR) with a 95% CI was used to assess the strength and direction of association and statistical significance was considered at p value <0.05. Setting The study focused on…
Objectives To review how statistically non-significant indirect treatment comparison (ITC) results are interpreted within National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) cost-comparison evaluations (CCEs) and develop a framework to support interpretations of these results from Bayesian network meta-analyses (NMAs). Design A systematic review of CCEs between 2017 (first introduced) and April 2025. A framework (point-and-density plots) was developed to better interpret statistically non-significant NMA results for CCEs. Data sources CCEs were identified through NICE website searches…
Objectives This study aimed to explore how young and middle-aged adults (aged 18–65 years) with multimorbidity and complex chronic conditions experience hospitalisation and the transition home. Design In this qualitative study, semi-structured interviews were conducted. Data from the interviews were analysed using reflexive thematic analysis following Braun and Clarke (2022). Setting Two university hospitals in Switzerland (March to July 2024). Participants 16 young and middle-aged adults with multimorbidity and complex chronic conditions from two university hospitals in Switzerland were…