Objective To assess the knowledge and attitudes of clinical and non-clinical healthcare workers related to climate change and health in Tanzania and to explore their roles in supporting sustainable healthcare practices. Design Multicentre, cross-sectional survey. Setting Private healthcare facilities across multiple levels of care in Tanzania. Participants Healthcare workers employed at participating private healthcare facilities. A total of 216 respondents completed the survey, including both clinical (65.7%) and non-clinical (34.3%) staff. Primary and secondary outcome measures Primary…
Introduction Statin therapy is associated with an increased risk of dysglycaemia and new-onset type 2 diabetes, which compromises patient adherence. Ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA), a hepatoprotective drug, has shown potential for improving glycaemic control, but its role in preventing statin-induced dysglycaemia remains unexplored in prospective randomised trials, particularly in a primary prevention setting. This trial aims to determine whether UDCA coadministration can prevent statin-induced impairment of glucose tolerance. Methods and analysis This is an investigator-initiated, prospective…
Introduction According to Chinese clinical practice guidelines, patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) at high risk of recurrence after curative hepatectomy should have adjuvant transcatheter arterial chemoembolisation (TACE). However, the National Comprehensive Cancer Network and the European Association for the Study of the Liver guidelines take a more conservative stance on the routine use of adjuvant TACE. A recent randomised controlled trial (RCT) found no benefit of adjuvant TACE for patients with early-stage HCC. Given the potential ethical concerns, it is impractical to conduct…
Introduction Bile acid diarrhoea (BAD) is a chronic disease with typical symptoms of daily watery stools with increased frequency and urgency. BAD arises due to pathologically high levels of bile acids in the colon, which may be due to impaired reabsorption or increased synthesis. Evidence indicates that atorvastatin administration suppresses bile acid synthesis in healthy individuals, likely due to reduced substrate availability. The Bile Acid diarrhoea STAtin Trial aims to investigate whether atorvastatin treatment reduces bile acid synthesis in patients with BAD and consequently alleviates…
Objectives Determine patients’ and physiotherapists’ prospective acceptability of using a shared decision-making (SDM) intervention to support patient choice of airway clearance technique (ACT) prescription for adults with bronchiectasis. Design We conducted a qualitative study using focus groups and interviews. Setting Participants were recruited throughout the UK. All interviews and focus groups were conducted from the researcher’s private home or Research Team office at Newcastle University. Face-to-face focus groups or interviews were conducted in a university conference room. Participants…
Background Colonoscopy is a cornerstone for the screening and diagnosis of colorectal diseases. Colonoscopy insertion difficulty is associated with examination quality, procedural efficiency and patient comfort. Cecal intubation time (CIT) is commonly used as a surrogate measure of insertion difficulty; however, it is substantially influenced by endoscopist experience, equipment characteristics and institutional factors, limiting its objectivity and comparability. This study will develop and validate a standardised colonoscopy insertion time (SCIT) metric that better reflects patient-related…
Objectives To identify latent symptom subgroups, compare symptom network characteristics across subgroups and examine factors associated with subgroup membership among lung cancer survivors. Design Cross-sectional study using latent profile analysis and symptom network analysis. Setting Four hospitals in Shanghai, China, including a national thoracic oncology centre, two tertiary general hospitals and one regional general hospital. Participants A total of 942 lung cancer survivors who had completed surgical treatment or received at least one course of initial antitumour therapy and were in a…
Objectives Mass drug administration (MDA) is essential for schistosomiasis elimination; however, evidence on factors promoting adherence in the Philippines is limited. This study aims to investigate these factors among high-risk farmers. Design A community-based cross-sectional study using a questionnaire survey and abdominal ultrasonography. Setting This study was conducted in selected barangays in Victoria, Oriental Mindoro, Philippines where the highest prevalence was reported. Participant Eligible participants were farmers aged ≥18 years who had been directly engaged in paddy farming in…
Objective Transferability of questionnaires across languages and cultures requires a systematic process to preserve content integrity and ensure validity and reliability. The aim of this study was to translate, culturally adapt and face validate the US-developed patient-reported outcome (PRO) measure ‘Type 1 Diabetes and Life’ (T1DAL) for use in a Danish population of parents of children under the age of 11 years living with type 1 diabetes. Design The process followed the 10-step International Society for Pharmacoeconomics and Outcomes Research good practice principles for the translation and…
Introduction Implementation science seeks to promote the adoption and sustainment of evidence-based interventions across diverse settings. While technical and organisational determinants of implementation have been extensively studied, relational factors—particularly trust and trustworthiness—remain under-theorised despite being frequently invoked in implementation research. Trust is often embedded implicitly within broader constructs such as stakeholder engagement, partnership quality or acceptability, yet is rarely explicitly defined, systematically measured or positioned clearly within…
Introduction Monitoring of population mental health is now considered to play a vital role in health, risk factor and demographic surveillance systems across the globe. Adopting a public mental health perspective on monitoring and surveillance requires us to consider the entire spectrum of mental health, which broadly ranges from positive mental health and well-being to severe mental disorders, including at-risk populations. This population mental health approach has become the mainstay of public mental health provision in many European countries but there is a dearth of research on this issue…
Introduction Stroke triggers acute vascular and inflammatory mechanisms that predispose the brain to rapid neurodegeneration. Up to 52% of stroke survivors develop cognitive impairment within 6 months and 20% receive a clinical diagnosis of dementia within 5 years. The subacute phase (<6 months) represents a critical window in which the brain may be most responsive to neuroprotective interventions. Multimodal aerobic and resistance training improves cognition in chronic stroke, but whether it improves cognition, neuroimaging markers and blood biomarkers of dementia risk when delivered during…
Objectives To map the available evidence on the use of health databases for the early identification of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) across diverse populations and settings. Design Scoping review conducted in accordance with the Joanna Briggs Institute framework. Data sources Searches were conducted in MEDLINE, Embase, Scopus, PsycINFO, Web of Science and Latin American and Caribbean Health Sciences Literature, with grey literature searched through ProQuest Dissertations and Theses, up to December 2024, and updated on March 2026. Eligibility criteria Studies including individuals with…
Objective To identify patterns of non-communicable disease (NCD) multimorbidity among Iranian adults and assess their associations with sociodemographic factors and health-related quality of life (HRQOL). Design Cross-sectional analysis using data from the 2021 Iranian STEPS Survey, which follows the WHO STEPwise approach to collecting information on NCD risk factors. Setting A community-based, nationally representative household survey conducted across Iran. Participants A total of 17 517 Iranian adults with complete survey data were included. Of these, 56.7% were women and 67.4% lived in…
Introduction Maternity care in the UK is under increasing scrutiny, with reports indicating that services often fail to meet the diverse needs of women and birthing people. Autism spectrum disorder is a neurodevelopmental condition involving persistent difficulties in social communication and interaction alongside restricted and repetitive behaviours. Autistic women and birthing people may face distinct barriers to accessing and navigating maternity care, compounded by limited awareness and inflexible service provision. To improve care responsiveness, it is essential to understand both the…
An experimental drug targeting both GLP-1 and glucagon receptors has curbed heavy drinking in a phase 2 trial, providing hope that the ubiquitous weight loss meds can be effectively harnessed against alcohol use disorder (AUD).
Atea Pharmaceuticals’ hepatitis C prospect has matched Gilead’s Epclusa in a phase 3 trial, keeping the biotech barreling toward a second readout for its shorter, simpler treatment regimen.
This cohort study emulating a target trial estimates risk of 1-year all-cause graft loss in adult kidney transplant recipients with symptomatic COVID-19 who received remdesivir within 7 days of diagnosis vs those who did not.
This qualitative study assesses the acceptability, feasibility, and participant-reported outcomes of an improvisational skit and discussion program to teach health care trainees about cultural dilemmas and biases faced by Asian American health care professionals.
This cohort study investigates the association between a reduction in the number of cardiometabolic risk factors after polypectomy and risk of metachronous advanced colorectal neoplasia among patients with metabolic dysfunction–associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD).